Kuala Lumpur City Centre
| Kuala Lumpur City Centre | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
| Groundbreaking | March 1993 |
| Construction started | 1 January 1996 |
| Completed | 1 January 1997 |
| Inaugurated | 31 August 1999 |
| Renovated | 1 January 1998 |
Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC) is a multipurpose development area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The area is located around Jalan Ampang, Jalan P. Ramlee, Jalan Binjai, Jalan Kia Peng and Jalan Pinang. There are also hotels within walking distance such as G Tower, Mandarin Oriental, Grand Hyatt Kuala Lumpur and InterContinental Kuala Lumpur.
Designed to be a city within a city, the 100-acre site hosts the tallest twin buildings in the world, a shopping mall, office buildings and several hotels. A public park and a mosque have also been built in the area and are open to everyone. The whole project is cooled via district cooling located on the property.
History[edit]
The site of the Kuala Lumpur City Centre was historically part of an affluent suburban residential area north of the old Kuala Lumpur town, linked to the town via Ampang Road and populated by bungalows and mansions dating as far back as the colonial early-20th century. The centrepiece of the area was the original site of the Selangor Turf Club,[1] with many houses constructed around the site to capitalise on views of the racing course. As large scale development moved northwards from old Kuala Lumpur town after the 1950s, development of the area gradually shifted from low-density residential homes to high-density commercial complexes and offices, raising the appeal of developing the suburb into a new commercial centre for Kuala Lumpur. In 1988, the Selangor Turf Club site and adjoining residential parcels were sold to be cleared away for the KLCC project; the Turf Club was subsequently relocated to Serdang. In the subsequent years after the relocation of the Turf Club, more surrounding residential plots were acquired for further development of KLCC.
Development zone[edit]
KLCC is a 100-acre land area with mixed developments in various stages of construction. The area is divided into several plots of land, each with a specific purpose.
| Lot | Development Type | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Office | Petronas Twin Towers | Suria KLCC is at bottom of the towers |
| B | Office | Menara Maxis | |
| C | Office / Commercial | Menara 3 Petronas (Menara Carigali) | Suria KLCC Extension |
| R | Commercial | Suria KLCC | |
| P | Residential | Binjai on the Park | |
| F | Commercial | Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre | |
| D | Hotel | Mandarin Oriental Hotel | |
| D1 | Unknown | Unknown | Currently a work site, but tunnel from Lot C to here has been built |
| G | Hotel | Traders Hotel | |
| 178 | Public Space | As Syakirin Mosque | |
| 177 | Utility | KLCC District Cooling | |
| K | Commercial | Lot K, KLCC | Currently under construction, Mall at the bottom will be done by 2017. |
| H | Commercial | Menara Exxon Mobil | |
| - | Public Space | KLCC Park | |
| L | Residential/Commercial | - | Currently a Car Park |
| L1 | Residential/Commercial | - | Currently a Car Park |
| M | Commercial | - | Currently a Car Park |
| N | Mixed Development | - | Currently Binjai on the Park showroom |
| P2 | Office | - | Currently a Car Park |
| J1 | Office | - | Currently a Car Park |
| J | Office | - | Currently a Car Park |
| E | Commercial | Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre |
Zoning is based on the KLCC Masterplan.[2]
Offices[edit]
Offices in the KLCC area are homes to the largest companies in Malaysia in which the Petronas Twin Towers is the centrepiece.
Petronas Twin Towers[edit]
Constructed between 1993 and 1998, the Petronas Twin Towers were the tallest buildings in the world from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2004. Currently, it still holds the record for the tallest twin buildings in the world. It is the headquarters of Petronas, a Fortune 100 state-owned oil company and also the largest company in Southeast Asia.
The towers and the mall below were designed by Argentinian born architect César Pelli. Construction started in 1991 and was completed 7 years later, in the midst of Asian Financial Crisis and Reformasi movement. Due to the soil conditions of the site, the buildings were built on one of the deepest foundations in the world. The Building Services engineer contractor was Flack + Kurtz which is currently part of the WSP | Parsons Brinkerhoff Company.
The 88-storey towers were built using mostly reinforced concrete, with steel-and-glass facades to resemble Islamic motifs which were intended to reflect the official and majority religion of Malaysia. The cross section of the tower resembles Rub el Hizb, which further solidifies the Islamic motif in the tower design.
Menara Exxon Mobil[edit]
Menara Exxon Mobil was completed 1 January 1997 and it is the headquarters of the Malaysian subsidiary of Exxon Mobil, one of the largest listed companies in the world.
The 126 m (413 ft), 30-storey tower is a rectangular shaped building, with a virtually column-free interior. For aesthetics, the north and south elevations are set-back at level 5, while the north elevation facing the public park is further set-back at levels 22 and 26
Menara Carigali[edit]
Officially Menara 3 Petronas, this tower is a 60-story tower which was completed in 2012. The tower is connected with the shopping mall Suria KL
The tower is also designed by César Pelli with construction started in 2006 and finished in 2012. The tower has a separate entrance facing the Mandarin Oriental hotel and also has a tunnel link towards Lot D1. Lot D1 will be the site of a future development by the owner, KLCC Properties. Like the Petronas Twin Towers, the Building Services Engineer was Flack + Kurtz.
The cross section of the tower features two geometric shapes, a square and a rectangle. The rectangle shape in the building starts at the ground floor and extends up to the 40th floor. The triangle shape extends to the top of the tower. At the top of the tower, a crown completes the design. It is expected the crown will hold the tower's company logo.
Menara Maxis[edit]
Menara Maxis is the headquarters of Maxis Communications, one of Malaysia's largest telecommunication companies.
Suria KLCC[edit]
Suria KLCC is currently the only and main commercial centre in the KLCC area. The shopping mall occupies space underneath the Petronas Twin Towers and shares its parking lot (Suria KLCC parking rate) with it. The six-story shopping mall was extended to Menara Carigali in 2011. There are plans to extend the mall to Lot K and also Lot D1 as well.
The mall is linked to the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre via an underground pedestrian tunnel, which in turn is connected to the Bukit Bintang shopping district via an elevated pedestrian walkway.
The Building Services Engineer was Flack + Kurtz who is currently part of the WSP | Parsons Brinkerhoff Company.
Hotels[edit]
There are two hotels in the KLCC area. Mandarin Oriental (Mandarin Oriental hotel parking rate) is the main hotel which sits between Suria KLCC and Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre.
Traders Hotel, which is owned by Petronas and run by Shangri-La Hotels, connects directly with the convention centre. This hotel has 571 rooms.
Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre[edit]
The KLCC area has a 1,300,000-square-foot (120,000 m2) convention centre known as the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre parking rate). The total function area is around 216,000 square feet (20,100 m2). The convention centre is directly connected with the Traders Hotel. The Impiana Hotel, which is owned and operated by KLCC Properties, developer of the KLCC area, is connected via a walk bridge. In the master plan, there will be several more buildings to be built near or on the convention centre area.
Binjai on the Park[edit]
Binjai on the Park is the only residential area in the project. The residential space is two 42-story buildings having an unobstructed view of the Petronas Twin Towers. It is designed by Allen Jack + Cottier (known famously as AJ+C), the Australian-based architect with regional presence in Malaysia, Vietnam and China.[3] The residential towers is the most expensive in Malaysia with a 19,500 square feet penthouse has been sold for a record RM50 million.[4]
Public area[edit]
At the centre of the property lies KLCC Park. The park is one of the last designs of notable Brazilian park designer Roberto Burle Marx. The park holds a jogging track, a public swimming pool, several children's playground and a man-made lake complete with water fountains.
The area also has a mosque known as As Syakirin Mosque which has the capacity to hold 12,000 people. Naturally, many religious activities such as Friday prayers are conducted here.
Access[edit]
Public transport[edit]
KLCC is served by a light rapid transit (LRT) line at KJ10 KLCC station, served by the 5 Kelana Jaya Line. The underground station is located in the basement of Avenue K, a shopping complex opposite Suria KLCC across Jalan Ampang. The station is connected to Suria KLCC via an underground pedestrian walkway. It is also a bus hub for the RapidKL bus network, the largest public transport operator in Kuala Lumpur.
A dedicated taxi stand, which utilises the coupon system, is available at the shopping mall entrance. Patrons who do not wish to use the system have the option to walk up to another taxi stand which is situated on the main road.
Road network[edit]
Although the area is bordered by 5 main roads, main road access is through Jalan Ampang, Jalan Sultan Ismail and the Ampang–Kuala Lumpur Elevated Highway (AKLEH). The AKLEH access is quite unique in the sense that the highway has direct tunnel access to the area's extensive underground parking lot.
KLCC is also connected to Jalan Ampang via an underground tunnel.
Other access[edit]
The developer (Petronas) has spent RM100 million as part of its social contribution programme to build an elevated, air-conditioned walkway from the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre to Bukit Bintang shopping district. From there, pedestrians can access the MR6 Bukit Bintang and MR7 Raja Chulan Monorail stations on the 8 KL Monorail line, and the SBK18A Bukit Bintang MRT station on the 9 Sungai Buloh-Kajang Line.
Utility[edit]
District cooling for the entire area is provided by KLCC Cooling, which is situated in Lot 40. The cooling was done via gas-powered turbine generator. This district cooling concept is the first implementation in Malaysia.[5]
The engineer for the District Cooling Center was Flack + Kurtz (currently part of the WSP | Parsons Brinkerhoff Company). The plant was renovated and upgraded and activated in 2015. The current capacity is approximately 70,000 tons and has 180,000 ton hours of ice storage.
See also[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kuala Lumpur City Centre. |
- KL Sentral - another mixed development master plan in Kuala Lumpur with emphasis on transportation
- Tun Razak Exchange - master plan which focuses on financial institution in Pudu, Kuala Lumpur
- Warisan Merdeka - mixed development master plan which features a 100-story tower
- Mid Valley Megamall - mixed development which features a very popular shopping mall.
- Putrajaya - fully planned city at the edge of Selangor. Currently the administrative capital of Malaysia
References[edit]
- ^ Žaknić, Ivan; Smith, Matthew; Rice, Doleres B. (1998). 100 of the World's Tallest Buildings. Mulgrave, Victoria: Images Publishing. p. 208. ISBN 9781875498321.
- ^ "KLCC Master Plan". KLCC Properties. KLCC Properties. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013.
- ^ Stevens, Rick. "Binjai On The Park".
- ^ Chee, Kee Hua. "KL Most Expensive Condo! RM50 million at the Binjai". Retrieved 20 February 2012.
- ^ "KLCC: The Precinct". KLCC Property. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
